Afghanistan solar radiation acquisition data

Afghanistan wind acquisition data

Afghanistan Energy Statergy (2007)

"2004 Interim government, ADB & Worldbank report summary on Oil & Gas future in Afghanistan"

AFGHANISTAN: HYDROCARBON SECTOR NEEDS ASSESSMENT (2004 – 2015) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 Context · Afghanistan is well endowed with natural gas, coal and hydropower . The potential gas reserves are estimated to be about 120 billion cubic meters with the likelihood of additional reserves in deeper horizons . The discovered gas reserves are spread over eight fields in the northern area of the country of which three fields have been brought in production . Domestic oil production is insignificant; and the country depends on imports for most of its petroleum product requirements, which account for about half of the total commercial energy consumption . Current production of oil is at 50 tons/day (or 400 barrels/day) and for gas, about 600,000cubic meters per day (or 21 . 2 million cubic feet per day (mmcfd) . Several local private sector entrepreneurs with minimum government control, monitoring or management supply petroleum products . Commercially, the most important energy source in Afghanistan is natural gas . The current gas production is only about one fourth of the production level in the 1980s . The present gas utilization is at a very low level due to lack of infrastructure facilities for production and transportation of natural gas . It is estimated that less than 40 per cent of the demand of natural gas is being met in the present area of operations . · Infrastructure for local production of oil and gas, and for the export of gas, is either non - existent or in some cases functioning inefficiently, and the level of local expertise in oil and gas exploration and production is limited . Poor infrastructure of the country’s hydrocarbon sector is caused by a combination of factors that include the direct effects of the wars that the country has undergone Securing Afghanistan' Future: Oil & Gas- World Band & Afghan Ministry of Finance et al. - report (280KB PDF only)

Securing Afghanistan's future World Band & Afghan Ministry of Finance et al.- Mining - report (420KB PDF only)

Securing Afghanistan's future World Band & Afghan Ministry of Finance et al.- Power - report (466KB PDF only)

Securing Afghanistan's future World Band & Afghan Ministry of Finance et al.- Natural Resources - report (835KB PDF only)

Industry:

Manufacturing relies on the agricultural sector for much of its raw materials. Industrial production was up 15 percent in 1987. Czechoslovakia aid was committed (in 1987) to developing a cement factory. A new oil refinery was planned in Jowzjan. Now the World Bank and partner countries are committed to accelerate this process

Mining:

Afghanistan's potential mineral wealth is probably great, and there has been considerable prospecting in recent years especially in the area of precious stones. Other resources currently exploited include coal, natural gas, salt, lapis lazuli, talc and barium sulfate. Long-term mineral development projects include copper mining and smelting at Ainak and high-graded iron ore mining at Hijigak.

Hydrocarbons:

Natural gas production had increased to 2.4 milliard cubic meters with about 97 percent was exported to the USSR via a 180 km pipeline. Now there are no exports of gas to Russia. There are reports of additional finds of natural gas and oil. Petroleum products were generally imported from the USSR, however it is envisaged that within 2 years Afghanistan will be self sufficient in regards petroleum products which will help it's economy considerably.
There are some industrial complexes in Shibirgan and these are now under the focus of the current government and the World bank to be overhauled, especially those concern with the production of Ammonia, Urea and Ammonium Nitrate used for fertilizer in the predominant agri industry in Afghanistan.

Energy:

Hydroelectric power is generated in small but increasing quantities. There is a distribution point at Hairaton for electric power from the USSR, but this is now contracted with Uzbekistan. A tiny percentage of natural gas production is consumed domestically.
During 1980 to 1985, the industry products increased by 28%, from which 40% belonged to the government sector.
The increasing rate of industry production by 1980-1989 was:
Gas-27%, Coal-22%, Food Industry-64%, and Machine Construction and Metallurgy-19%.

Main Industrial Factories and Fabrics

- Total Industrial Workers: 298000 / 1979
- Kabul Silo / bread factory / 1950
- Tafahosat-e Neft-e Mazar-i-Sharif / Mazar-i-Sharif Gas Fabric
- Mineral Fertilizer Factory of Mazar-i-Sharif
- Mazar-i-Sharif Chemical and Electrical Plant
- Pol-i Khomri Cotton Fabric
- Jabul Saraj Cement Fabric
- Kabul Jangalak Auto Repair Plant / July 2, 1960
- Kabul Housing Construction Plant
- Kabul Brick Factory

Regional Pipeline Plans

Following a memorandum of understanding signed in August 1996, a consortium of companies comprising Unocal and Saudi Arabia's Delta Oil (85% combined), Russia's Gazprom (10%), and state-owned Turkmenrusgaz (5%) is planning to build an 890-mile, 2-billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) capacity pipeline to carry natural gas from Turkmenistan's 45-Tcf Dauletabad gas field to Pakistan. The proposed $2-billion pipeline tentatively would run from the Dauletabad field south to the Afghan border and through Herat, Qandahar, and Quetta, Pakistan. The line would then link with Pakistan's gas grid at Sui. Gas shipments are projected to start at 700 Mmcf/d in 1999 and rise to 1.4 Bcf/d or higher by 2002. After extensive negotiating efforts, Afghanistan's main rebel factions signed a pipeline safety agreement in September 1996. Due to high political risk and security concerns, however, financing remains a key issue for either pipeline project. This proposed gas pipeline will run almost entirely through Taliban-controlled territory.

Unocal also is considering the construction of a 1000-mile, 1-million b/d capacity oil pipeline that would link Chardzou, Turkmenistan to Pakistan's Arabian Sea Coast via Afghanistan. Since the Chardzou refinery is already linked to Russia's Western Siberian oil fields, this line possibly could provide an alternative export route for regional oil production from the Caspian Sea.

Historical Energy Overview

The Soviets estimated Afghanistan's proven and probable natural gas reserves at up to 5 trillion cubic feet (Tcf). Afghan gas production reached 275 million cubic feet per day (Mmcf/d) in the mid-1970s, but due to declining reserves from producing fields, however, output gradually fell to about 220 Mmcf/d by 1980. At that time, the Djarquduq field was brought online and was expected to boost Afghan gas output to 385 Mmcf/d by the early 1980s. However, sabotage of infrastructure by mujaheddin limited the country's total production to 290 Mmcf/d, an output level which was held fairly steady until the Soviet withdrawal in 1989. After the Soviet pullout and subsequent Afghan civil war, roughly 31 producing wells at Shibrigan area fields were shut in pending the restart of gas sales to the former Soviet Union.

At its peak in the late 1970s, Afghanistan supplied between 70-90 percent of its natural gas output to the Soviet Union's gas grid via a link through Kushka, Turkmenistan. In 1992, Afghan President Najibullah indicated that a new gas sales agreement with Russia was in progress. However, several former Soviet republics raised price and distribution issues and negotiations stalled. In the early 1990s, Afghanistan also discussed possible supply gas supply arrangements with Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and several Western European countries, but these talks never progressed further. Current Afghan gas production remains around 30 Mmcf/d, all of which is used domestically.

Soviet estimates made in the late 1970s placed Afghanistan's proven and probable oil and condensate reserves at 95 million barrels. Despite plans to start commercial oil production in Afghanistan, all oil exploration and development work as well as plans to build a 10,000 barrel per day refinery were halted after the 1979 Soviet invasion. Afghanistan's various provinces receive refined products from neighboring countries. In August 1996, the Pakistani government agreed to transport an undisclosed amount of oil products to Kabul.

Afghanistan Fact Sheet - US DOE 04 June 2004 - report

Intratec report on Energy and oil in Afghanistan 2002 pdf (0.28kb) >>>>>>>